Under normal conditions, ethylene is a colorless, slightly odorous, and flammable gas with a density of 1.178g/L, slightly less dense than air. It is nearly insoluble in water, not soluble in ethyl alcohol, and slightly soluble in alcohols, ketones, and benzene. It is soluble in ethyl ether and highly soluble in organic solvents like tetrachloromethane. Ethylene is an essential raw material in the chemical industry, primarily used for producing polyethylene, ethylene-propylene rubber, and polyvinyl chloride. It is one of the fundamental raw materials in petrochemicals. In synthetic materials, it is widely used in the production of polyethylene and vinyl chloride. In organic synthesis, it is used for the production of ethyl alcohol, ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol, acetaldehyde, and propylene. Halogenation of ethylene can produce vinyl chloride, chloroethane, and bromoethane. Ethylene is also used as a standard gas for petrochemical analysis, an eco-friendly ripening agent for fruits like oranges, tangerines, and bananas, and in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and high-tech materials. Additionally, it is used in the production of automotive specialty glass and as a refrigerant, particularly in LNG liquefaction plants.